After you have decided what kind of stone you will use to build your patio or walkway, it is time to plan just where it will go. Calling your utility company is a good idea so you know that where you are digging is free of any gas, water, or electrical lines. This is usually a free service and can save you a whole lot of time and money right from the start.
Stake and Mark Path
Mark the path of your patio or walkway using wooden stakes at each corner and use a string between the stakes to map out the general layout. Use landscaper’s spray
Patio Height
The patio height needs to be slightly above the surrounding ground for proper drainage of any water that could otherwise collect on the patio. This means you need to measure the height of the stone that you will be laying. Be sure to keep this in mind when clearing the area down to the undisturbed soil. Depending on the thickness of the stone you may have to dig further.
Compact Subgrade
Tamp the ground that will be underneath the patio. This can be done by hand using a tamper
Weed Barrier
In order to keep your patio weed and erosion free you need to lay a layer of commercial grade landscape fabric
Base Material
Spread the gravel on top of the weed barrier in a layer of 4 – 6 inches. Make sure the gravel is level and consistent throughout the patio area, you can use the tamper again here to ensure the gravel base is ready for the next step. Next comes a 2 inch layer of sand or fine gravel.
Edging
An essential element to maintaining your patio and keeping it in place is the edging. Depending on the look that you want for your patio you may use concrete, pavers, or a flexible edging
To Cement Or Not To Cement That is the Question
If you are not cementing the stone or pavers you will need to screed the sand to make sure the surface is ready.
Placement
Now comes the fun part. If you are laying flagstone down for your patio you will need to start laying down the biggest pieces you have and piece in the rest, kind of like a puzzle with no directions. Cut or break any pieces as necessary to fill in the gaps for the look that you want. Tap them firmly into the sand to stabilize your patio. If you are using pavers you will want to snap a chalk line to make sure the pavers are straight and uniform. Laying the outside edge first will frame the patio nicely. Pound each paver as you lay them in place.
If you are cementing in the stone or pavers you will need an extra layer of concrete sand, no thicker than 1.5 inches. Screed the sand to make sure the surface is ready.
Paving
Pour a layer of concrete down. After it dries you will top the concrete slab with pavers or flagstone.
Mortar Or Sand
Fill in the joints between the flagstone or pavers with either loose sand or mortar.
Seal
A sealant will help magnify the color of the stone or pavers and prevent staining. This is particularly important in areas that will see snow or a lot of water.
